Dehydration

Anyone can become dehydrated given the right circumstances. Children are more susceptible to dehydration because of smaller size and decreased ability to gain access to  fluids.  It is important for parents to
(1)  recognize dehydration because  it can be life threatening.
(2) know steps to take to avoid dehydration
(3) know when to call the office for evaluation
One of the most common causes of dehydration in children is vomiting and diarrhea.  The child is not only losing precious fluids from both ends but usually feels too sick to take in any replacement fluids. This type of illness can create a deadly domino effect.
Parents can try to break the cycle by giving small amounts of fluid every 15-30 minutes. Fluids like Pedialyte for infants and Gatorade for older children are preferable. It is important that replacement fluids have the proper electrolyte balance especially if the child is refusing to eat.  Fruit juices and other fluids high in sugar make diarrhea worse. Fluids like plain water and tea can upset the delicate balance of Sodium.
The urine output is a good indicator of hydration status. The urine output drops in order to preserve fluid. It is time to call the office when a noticeable drop in the urine output occurs. For an infant or small child no urine output in 4-8 hours warrants evaluation in the office or Emergency room. In an older child no urine output in 12 hours is worrisome.  A dehydrated child will also start to appear drowsy and have no energy.  Most children are active, energetic and alert normally. Dehydrated infants can often act irritable or have a sunken in soft spot
Prolonged or extremely high fever can also cause dehydration. Fever control and providing extra fluids is key in this situation.
Dehydration is treatable if caught early.  Don't hesitate to call the office or seek medical attention if you think your child might be dehydrated.

This post was originally posted at www.waytoknowkids.wordpress.com